Screening, production, optimization, characterization, pharmacological analysis and applications of Exopolysaccharide from Marine Bacteria: A Review

Abstract

Exopolysaccharides (EPS) is a group of high molecular weight biopolymers produced during the metabolic process of some microorganisms. A broad class of exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are produced by microbes in response to environmental stressors such salt, pH, temperature, and light intensity. Microbial marine exopolysaccharides (EPS) are one of the essential and functional commercial-grade products and have several biotechnological applications. Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) from microorganisms are essential harmless natural biopolymers used in applications including medications, nutraceuticals and functional foods, cosmetics, and insecticides. Isolating new EPSs with unique functionalities and unique chemical and physical characteristics is gaining attention. In this sense, a vast number of unidentified and uncultivated bacteria that are capable of producing and excreting EPSs can be found in the marine environment. The structure of EPS is complex and difficult to analyze, resulting in difficulties in investigating their structure–activity relationship, and its specific mechanism of action has not yet been revealed. . The characterization studies, structural and pharmaceutical analysis are crucially important parameters that need to be studied and those headings are discussed in this review.